```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>JVM垃圾回收算法解析 | 技术小馆</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/tailwindcss/2.2.19/tailwind.min.css">
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Serif+SC:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@300;400;500;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@latest/dist/mermaid.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        body {
            font-family: 'Noto Sans SC', Tahoma, Arial, Roboto, "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", "Droid Sans Fallback", "Heiti SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", Simsun, sans-serif;
            color: #333;
            line-height: 1.6;
        }
        .hero-gradient {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #6e8efb 0%, #a777e3 100%);
        }
        .card-hover {
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
        }
        .card-hover:hover {
            transform: translateY(-5px);
            box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }
        .code-block {
            font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
            background-color: #2d3748;
            color: #f8f8f2;
            border-radius: 0.375rem;
        }
        .drop-cap::first-letter {
            float: left;
            font-size: 3.5rem;
            line-height: 1;
            margin: 0.15em 0.1em 0 0;
            font-weight: bold;
            color: #4c51bf;
        }
        .section-divider {
            border: none;
            height: 1px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), transparent);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body class="bg-gray-50">
    <!-- Hero Section -->
    <header class="hero-gradient text-white py-20 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
        <div class="max-w-5xl mx-auto">
            <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row items-center">
                <div class="md:w-1/2 mb-10 md:mb-0">
                    <h1 class="text-4xl md:text-5xl font-bold mb-4 leading-tight">JVM垃圾回收算法解析</h1>
                    <p class="text-xl opacity-90 mb-6">深入理解Java虚拟机内存管理的核心机制</p>
                    <div class="flex space-x-4">
                        <a href="#intro" class="px-6 py-3 bg-white text-indigo-600 rounded-lg font-semibold hover:bg-gray-100 transition duration-300">
                            <i class="fas fa-book-open mr-2"></i>开始阅读
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="md:w-1/2 flex justify-center">
                    <img src="https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2024/png/21449790/1706929376974-95b0afa2-082f-48a2-8e4b-fa6dcff805f1.png" 
                         alt="JVM垃圾回收示意图" 
                         class="rounded-lg shadow-xl max-w-full h-auto" style="max-height: 300px;">
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </header>

    <!-- Main Content -->
    <main class="max-w-5xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
        <!-- Introduction -->
        <section id="intro" class="mb-16">
            <div class="prose prose-lg max-w-none">
                <div class="drop-cap">
                    JVM使用垃圾回收算法来判断哪些对象是垃圾并进行回收。在现代Java应用中，垃圾回收机制对性能有着至关重要的影响。本文将详细介绍四种主要的垃圾回收算法，帮助开发者深入理解内存管理的核心原理。
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Algorithm Cards -->
        <section>
            <!-- Algorithm 1 -->
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden mb-12 card-hover">
                <div class="md:flex">
                    <div class="md:w-1/3 p-6 flex items-center justify-center bg-indigo-50">
                        <img src="https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2024/png/21449790/1706767585920-edd5c329-42a5-440d-85e9-975cb38d6452.png" 
                             alt="引用计数算法示意图" 
                             class="rounded-lg max-w-full h-auto">
                    </div>
                    <div class="md:w-2/3 p-8">
                        <div class="uppercase tracking-wide text-sm text-indigo-600 font-semibold mb-1">算法一</div>
                        <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-4">引用计数算法</h2>
                        <p class="text-gray-600 mb-4">
                            每个对象都有一个引用计数器，用于记录被引用的次数。当引用计数器为0时，表示对象不再被引用，可以被当作垃圾回收。
                        </p>
                        <div class="mb-6">
                            <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-800 mb-2">代码示例</h3>
                            <div class="code-block p-4 mb-4 overflow-x-auto">
                                <pre><code>public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyObject object1 = new MyObject();
        MyObject object2 = new MyObject();

        object1.object = object2;
        object2.object = object1;

        object1 = null;
        object2 = null;
    }
}

class MyObject{
    public Object object = null;
}</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="bg-yellow-50 border-l-4 border-yellow-400 p-4">
                            <div class="flex">
                                <div class="flex-shrink-0 text-yellow-400">
                                    <i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i>
                                </div>
                                <div class="ml-3">
                                    <p class="text-sm text-yellow-700">
                                        引用计数算法无法解决循环引用的问题，即如果两个或多个对象相互引用，它们的引用计数永远不为0，即使它们不再被其他对象引用，也无法被回收。
                                    </p>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <hr class="section-divider my-12">

            <!-- Algorithm 2 -->
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden mb-12 card-hover">
                <div class="md:flex">
                    <div class="md:w-2/3 p-8">
                        <div class="uppercase tracking-wide text-sm text-indigo-600 font-semibold mb-1">算法二</div>
                        <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-4">可达性分析算法</h2>
                        <p class="text-gray-600 mb-4">
                            Java虚拟机使用可达性分析算法来判断对象是否可达。通过一系列的GC Roots的对象作为起始点，从这些根节点开始向下搜索，搜索所走过的路径称为引用链（Reference Chain），当一个对象到GC Roots没有任何引用链相连时，则证明此对象是不可用的，就需要回收此对象。
                        </p>
                        <div class="mb-6">
                            <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-800 mb-2">GC Roots 是什么？</h3>
                            <p class="text-gray-600 mb-4">
                                GC Roots是一些由堆外指向堆内的引用。一般而言，GC Roots 包括（但不限于）如下几种：
                            </p>
                            <ul class="list-disc pl-5 space-y-2 mb-4 text-gray-600">
                                <li>虚拟机栈(栈帧中的本地变量表)中引用的对象</li>
                                <li>方法区中静态属性引用的对象</li>
                                <li>方法区中常量引用的对象</li>
                                <li>本地方法栈中(Native方法)引用的对象</li>
                            </ul>
                            <p class="text-gray-600">
                                根(GcRoot)可以理解为main方法，你main方法就是根，你在这里new出来的对象，就是最开始的根。根可达就是从mian方法往里面找，一直能找到最末尾的都是可达的。
                            </p>
                        </div>
                        <div class="mb-6">
                            <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-800 mb-2">代码示例</h3>
                            <div class="code-block p-4 mb-4 overflow-x-auto">
                                <pre><code>public static void main(String[] args) {
    Map<String, Object> b = new HashMap<>();
    test(b);
}

private static void test(Map<String, Object> b) {
    HashMap<Object, Object> c = new HashMap<>();
    HashMap<Object, Object> d = new HashMap<>();
    b.put("c", c);
    b.put("d", d);

    Map<String, Object> e = new HashMap<>();
    Map<String, Object> f = new HashMap<>();
    Map<String, Object> h = new HashMap<>();
    e.put("h", h);
    h.put("f", f);
    f.put("e", e);
}</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="md:w-1/3 p-6 flex items-center justify-center bg-indigo-50">
                        <img src="https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2024/png/21449790/1706767709751-fe9f7789-62b2-4ec7-b4ae-69a41d69178f.png" 
                             alt="可达性分析算法示意图" 
                             class="rounded-lg max-w-full h-auto">
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <hr class="section-divider my-12">

            <!-- Algorithm 3 -->
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden mb-12 card-hover">
                <div class="md:flex">
                    <div class="md:w-1/3 p-6 flex items-center justify-center bg-indigo-50">
                        <img src="https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2024/png/21449790/1706767984955-b8b1a7b3-c7c7-4e79-b99e-136d95f27d65.png" 
                             alt="引用队列算法示意图" 
                             class="rounded-lg max-w-full h-auto">
                    </div>
                    <div class="md:w-2/3 p-8">
                        <div class="uppercase tracking-wide text-sm text-indigo-600 font-semibold mb-1">算法三</div>
                        <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-4">引用队列算法</h2>
                        <p class="text-gray-600 mb-4">
                            JVM中提供了Reference类和ReferenceQueue类来支持引用队列算法。当一个对象被设置了引用队列后，一旦该对象变为不可达状态，它就会被加入到引用队列中。这样，垃圾回收器就可以在适当的时候处理引用队列中的对象，并进行相应的清理操作。
                        </p>
                        <div class="mb-6">
                            <p class="text-gray-600 mb-4">
                                引用队列（Reference Queue）是Java中垃圾回收机制中的一部分，它用于配合<strong>软引用</strong>（SoftReference）、<strong>弱引用</strong>（WeakReference）和<strong>虚引用</strong>（PhantomReference）等特殊类型的引用对象。
                            </p>
                        </div>
                        <div class="mb-6">
                            <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-800 mb-2">代码示例</h3>
                            <div class="code-block p-4 mb-4 overflow-x-auto">
                                <pre><code>import java.lang.ref.Reference;
import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;

class MyObject {
    private String name;

    public MyObject(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("Object " + name + " is being finalized.");
    }
}

public class ReferenceQueueDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ReferenceQueue<MyObject> referenceQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
        MyObject obj = new MyObject("Object1");
        WeakReference<MyObject> weakRef = new WeakReference<>(obj, referenceQueue);

        // 释放强引用
        obj = null;

        // 通过调用System.gc()来触发垃圾回收
        System.gc();

        // 等待一段时间，以便垃圾回收线程执行
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 检查引用队列
        Reference<? extends MyObject> ref;
        while ((ref = referenceQueue.poll()) != null) {
            System.out.println("Object " + ref.get() + " is collected.");
        }
    }
}</code></pre>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="bg-blue-50 border-l-4 border-blue-400 p-4">
                            <div class="flex">
                                <div class="flex-shrink-0 text-blue-400">
                                    <i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i>
                                </div>
                                <div class="ml-3">
                                    <p class="text-sm text-blue-700">
                                        引用队列算法主要用于在对象被回收时，做一些额外的处理，以增强程序的健壮性和可维护性。
                                    </p>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <hr class="section-divider my-12">

            <!-- Summary -->
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden mb-12 p-8 card-hover">
                <div class="text-center mb-8">
                    <i class="fas fa-lightbulb text-4xl text-yellow-500 mb-4"></i>
                    <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-4">总结</h2>
                </div>
                <div class="prose prose-lg max-w-none mx-auto">
                    <p>
                        在JVM中，垃圾回收器根据以上算法来判断哪些对象是垃圾，并进行回收。一旦对象被判定为垃圾，垃圾回收器就会回收这些对象的内存，以释放资源并提高内存利用率。
                    </p>
                </div>
            </div>

            <!-- Visualization -->
            <div class="bg-white rounded-xl shadow-md overflow-hidden p-8 mb-12 card-hover">
                <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-6 text-center">垃圾回收算法关系图</h2>
                <div class="mermaid">
                    graph TD
                    A[JVM垃圾回收算法] --> B[引用计数算法]
                    A --> C[可达性分析算法]
                    A --> D[引用队列算法]
                    B --> E[简单高效]
                    B --> F[无法处理循环引用]
                    C --> G[解决循环引用问题]
                    C --> H[需要GC Roots]
                    D --> I[用于特殊引用类型]
                    D --> J[提供回收通知机制]
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>
    </main>

    <!-- Footer -->
    <footer class="bg-gray-900 text-white py-12 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
        <div class="max-w-5xl mx-auto">
            <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row justify-between items-center">
                <div class="mb-6 md:mb-0">
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">技术小馆</h3>
                    <p class="text-gray-400">探索技术奥秘，分享知识价值</p>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <a href="http://www.yuque.com/jtostring" class="text-indigo-400 hover:text-indigo-300 transition duration-300">
                        <i class="fas fa-globe mr-2"></i>http://www.yuque.com/jtostring
                    </a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="border-t border-gray-800 mt-8 pt-8 text-center text-gray-500 text-sm">
                &copy; 2024 技术小馆. 保留所有权利.
            </div>
        </div>
    </footer>

    <script>
        mermaid.initialize({
            startOnLoad: true,
            theme: 'default',
            flowchart: {
                useMaxWidth: false,
                htmlLabels: true,
                curve: 'basis'
            }
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>
```